In the last few months Western analytical centers published a series of papers covering Belarus. Many of them demonstrate genuine interest in the country and are not burdened by stereotypes and political agenda. They demonstrate only the desire to see, to understand, and probably to borrow. One of the papers was published by the Geneva-based Diplomatic Affairs think tank on 14 September.
The headline reads “Aleksandr Lukashenko: The Complex Legacy of Belarus’s President”. Right from the beginning the author Roberto Casseli noted that in the landscape of European politics, few figures elicit as strong a reaction as Aleksandr Lukashenko, the long-serving president of Belarus.
“Often branded as ‘Europe’s last dictator’ by Western media, Lukashenko is also revered by many within Belarus as a patriot and a steadfast conservative leader. As we delve deeper into his multifaceted legacy, it becomes clear that understanding Lukashenko requires more than just labels; it involves an exploration of his actions, geopolitical strategies, and the historical context that has shaped his presidency,” the article reads.
From the outset Aleksandr Lukashenko has positioned himself as a leader, who prioritized stability and national interests. In a region marked by political turmoil and economic uncertainty, Aleksandr Lukashenko’s administration emphasized state control over the economy and social stability, which resonated with many Belarusians who feared the chaos of the post-Soviet transition.
“Lukashenko’s leadership style has often been characterized by a strongman approach, but this has allowed him to maintain a level of order and predictability in Belarusian society that many citizens appreciate. His decisions, while controversial, have often been framed as necessary for the preservation of Belarusian sovereignty and independence,” the article reads.
The author believes that one of the most significant aspects of Lukashenko’s presidency may have been his role in regional diplomacy, particularly through the Minsk agreements aimed at resolving the conflict in Ukraine. The first and second Minsk agreements, reached in 2014 and 2015 respectively, showcased his ability to mediate between conflicting parties in a highly volatile situation.
“While these agreements have faced criticism and implementation challenges, they highlight Lukashenko’s positioning as a key player in European security discussions,” the analyst with the Diplomatic Affairs think tank believes. “His hosting of negotiations brought Belarus into the international spotlight, suggesting that Lukashenko is more than just a domestic leader; he is also a pivotal figure on the European stage. This diplomatic engagement has allowed him to assert Belarus’s relevance in a complex geopolitical landscape, often balancing relationships with both Russia and the West.”
Image credit: TASS
The culmination of Aleksandr Lukashenko’s diplomatic efforts was exemplified in August 2025 when he played a crucial role in facilitating discussions between U.S. President Donald Trump and Russian President Vladimir Putin in Alaska. “This historic meeting marked a thaw in USA-Russia relations, and Lukashenko’s involvement underscored his capacity as a mediator willing to bridge divides,” the paper indicates.
The author also drew attention to the Belarusian leader’s ability to understand the process of thinking both in the West and in the East. “His insights and guidance during these talks demonstrated his understanding of both Western and Eastern perspectives. By prioritizing Belarus’s national interests, Lukashenko sought to ensure that his country remained a relevant player in global politics, utilizing his unique position to influence major powers,” Roberto Casseli writes.
Vladimir Putin and Donald Trump. Image credit: RIA Novosti
He also noted that Minsk has consistently emphasized national interest above regional objectives. This principle is evident in foreign policy decisions of the Belarusian leader where he has navigated a delicate balance between maintaining Belarus’ sovereignty and fostering partnerships that benefit his country.
“While critics argue that his authoritarian measures undermine democracy, supporters contend that his governance has preserved Belarus’s unique identity and prevented the fragmentation seen in other post-Soviet states. For many Belarusians Lukashenko represents a bulwark against external pressures, embodying a sense of national pride and resilience,” the article reads.
“Aleksandr Lukashenko’s legacy is complex and multifaceted,” the author stipulates. “While he is often cast as a dictator in Western narratives, a more nuanced analysis reveals a leader who has prioritized Belarus’s national interests while navigating the treacherous waters of regional and global politics. His role in mediating critical diplomatic dialogues and his emphasis on stability reflect a leader who, despite the controversies, is deeply committed to his country.”
Roberto Casseli believes that understanding Lukashenko requires the recognition of the historical, social, and political contexts that shape his actions. “As Belarus continues to evolve, the challenge will be to balance national interests with the aspirations of its citizens, a task that will undoubtedly define the future of this remarkable leader and his nation,” the analyst with the Diplomatic Affairs think tank concludes.
By BelTA’s Vita Khanatayeva
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